ASIN() in sql (#2582)

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Co-authored-by: Caupolican Diaz <caupolicandiaz@gmail.com>

Author: 3 people

content/sql/concepts/math-functions/terms/asin/asin.md

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+---
+Title: 'ASIN()'
+Description: 'Returns the arcsine of a number.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Data Science'
+  - 'Computer Science'
+Tags:
+  - 'SQLite'
+  - 'PostgreSQL'
+  - 'MySQL'
+  - 'Functions'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-sql'
+  - 'paths/analyze-data-with-sql'
+---
+
+The **`ASIN()`** function in SQL is a mathematical function that returns the inverse sine or arcsine of a number.
+
+## Syntax
+
+```pseudo
+ASIN(number)
+```
+
+The specified `number` must be between -1 and 1, otherwise this function returns `NULL`.
+
+## Example
+
+In this example, the following data is given in the `numbers` table:
+
+| id  | input_number |
+| --- | ------------ |
+| 1   | 0.6          |
+| 2   | 1            |
+| 3   | -0.9         |
+
+The `ASIN()` function is used to calculate the arcsine as `output_number`:
+
+```sql
+SELECT id, input_number, ASIN(input_number) AS output_number
+FROM numbers;
+```
+
+The output will be:
+
+| id  | input_number | output_number       |
+| --- | ------------ | ------------------- |
+| 1   | 0.6          | 0.64350110879328437 |
+| 2   | 1            | 1.5707963267948966  |
+| 3   | -0.9         | -1.1197695149986342 |
+
+> **Note:** For the use of this method with SQL databases like MySQL, SQLite, PostgreSQL, or SQL Server, refer to their respective documentation for more details on the `ASIN()` function implementation and compatibility.