[3.12] gh-129569: The function unicodedata.normalize() always returns built-in str (GH-129570)

Lib/test/test_unicodedata.py

@@ -440,6 +440,29 @@ def test_bug_834676(self):
         # Check for bug 834676
         unicodedata.normalize('NFC', '\ud55c\uae00')
 
+    def test_normalize_return_type(self):
+        # gh-129569: normalize() return type must always be str
+        normalize = unicodedata.normalize
+
+        class MyStr(str):
+            pass
+
+        normalization_forms = ("NFC", "NFKC", "NFD", "NFKD")
+        input_strings = (
+            # normalized strings
+            "",
+            "ascii",
+            # unnormalized strings
+            "\u1e0b\u0323",
+            "\u0071\u0307\u0323",
+        )
+
+        for form in normalization_forms:
+            for input_str in input_strings:
+                with self.subTest(form=form, input_str=input_str):
+                    self.assertIs(type(normalize(form, input_str)), str)
+                    self.assertIs(type(normalize(form, MyStr(input_str))), str)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-02-02-16-30-27.gh-issue-129569.i0kPOG.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix :func:`unicodedata.normalize` to always return a built-in :class:`str` object when given an input of a :class:`str` subclass, regardless of whether the string is already normalized.

Modules/unicodedata.c

@@ -939,34 +939,34 @@ unicodedata_UCD_normalize_impl(PyObject *self, PyObject *form,
     if (PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(input) == 0) {
         /* Special case empty input strings, since resizing
            them  later would cause internal errors. */
-        return Py_NewRef(input);
+        return PyUnicode_FromObject(input);
     }
 
     if (PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(form, "NFC") == 0) {
         if (is_normalized_quickcheck(self, input,
                                      true,  false, true) == YES) {
-            return Py_NewRef(input);
+            return PyUnicode_FromObject(input);
         }
         return nfc_nfkc(self, input, 0);
     }
     if (PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(form, "NFKC") == 0) {
         if (is_normalized_quickcheck(self, input,
                                      true,  true,  true) == YES) {
-            return Py_NewRef(input);
+            return PyUnicode_FromObject(input);
         }
         return nfc_nfkc(self, input, 1);
     }
     if (PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(form, "NFD") == 0) {
         if (is_normalized_quickcheck(self, input,
                                      false, false, true) == YES) {
-            return Py_NewRef(input);
+            return PyUnicode_FromObject(input);
         }
         return nfd_nfkd(self, input, 0);
     }
     if (PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString(form, "NFKD") == 0) {
         if (is_normalized_quickcheck(self, input,
                                      false, true,  true) == YES) {
-            return Py_NewRef(input);
+            return PyUnicode_FromObject(input);
         }
         return nfd_nfkd(self, input, 1);
     }